Macrophage reprogramming is a promising therapeutic approach aimed at shifting the balance from a pro-tumor (M2) to an anti-tumor (M1) phenotype. By reprogramming TAMs to adopt an M1-like state, researchers hope to enhance the body’s natural immune response against liver cancer. This strategy involves targeting specific metabolic pathways and gene regulatory networks that control macrophage polarization.
For example, researchers are investigating the use of small molecules, cytokines, and genetic modifications to induce M1-like phenotypes in macrophages. These reprogrammed macrophages can then effectively attack cancer cells and stimulate other immune cells, such as T cells, to recognize and destroy tumors.